Ana Margarida Ferreira

INTRODUCTION: The ECAS (Entrepreneurial Cultural Affinity Spaces) framework seeks to transform social design theory and practice, through an emergent instructional paradigm of heritage-led, local learning ecosystem approaches, to leverage on diverse assets of people in community settings. OBJECTIVES: This paper addresses the theoretical backdrop of how such ecosystems can be co-designed, implemented, and evaluated, to include disadvantaged and underrepresented groups. METHODS: We seek to introduce the ECAS framework and how it can present an inclusive and open instructional paradigm that improves design for social change, innovation, and entrepreneurship in practice. RESULTS: In this paper, we address implementation through an Erasmus Plus, Adult Education research project, discussing the framework, conditions, and support mechanisms developed. CONCLUSION: Reconfiguration of design for social change and our collective mind-set, will create the conditions for more dynamic and powerful collaborations that stimulate and enable social innovation, entrepreneurship and inclusion.

This paper describes the methodology of a workshop done with design students during the Design Week of Mérida, at Universidad de Extremadura – Spain. The activity was based on the premise that – due to the growing complexity of the challenges faced by society today – designers need to act as part of the solution being agents of change. The workshop discussed the skills, methods, and partnerships for design to achieve such a change on its approach and how Design Education plays a part in preparing the future generation of designers to tackle social innovation and sustainability problems. The results showed how the students understand the future of design and the possibilities for improvement in a system that struggles to be resilient and respond at a faster pace.

The present paper intends to present an overview the status quo of design education, pointing out aspects from its creation and evolution over timed. It was made a short analysis that confronts the teaching model with the dynamics in which the world is today. It also points out the characteristics of a "new" designer, active in the creative economy, but not yet trained in educational institutions. Finally, it presents possible solutions for the remodeling of the teaching and learning process with focus on projects and real problems and points towards a new role of the teacher and the learning environment. design; higher education; project-based learning; social change

The present paper is part of a Ph.D. research in Design that aims to understand how Design Education can foster social innovation and sustainability. The primary goal of this work was to outline the Higher Education (HE) framework with particular focus in Portugal analyzing if Design Education is responding to the need of train designers for a paradigm-shifting world. For that matter, it was first examined the European and Portuguese framework for HE and the contribution of HE for social impact. In the Design Education sphere, a analysis thought primary and secondary sources to all design courses offered in Portugal was conducted to promote a benchmark study and confront the reality of what is being provided with the desired scenario. Our finding shows that there is still a lot to be done to prepare future designers to action in the present and future to come, but there are some initiatives worth looking at and learning for what is believed to be the ideal framework for Design Education.

The art and design of textile has been nurtured by various aspects such as cultural, artistic or productive reason for many civilizations. When we look histories and cultures of Turkish and Portuguese, it is possible to see wide perspective that are owned by reason of multicultural formations. Motifs, patterns, colours expressing as symbolically emotions, thoughts state essential elements of occurring self-identity of a nation. It is extremely important to identify cultural interactions and reflections for the emergence of original and creative products and more sustainable material culture. In this study, we use mainly ethnographic research as the base for the design process. We express textile weaving art in Turkish and Portuguese Culture and compare motif, composition and colour properties of fabrics in both realities.

Effort to address issues and our understanding on sustainable water management is increasing, though little attention is focused on toilet water management. Toilet design, wastewater system and engineering practices used today are dating back to 20th century. For this in the following paper we propose to map the critical stakeholders to be included in the process of diffusion and implementation of sustainable toilet design. With help of The Stakeholder Analysis Tool and Integrated modelling framework we propose the next steps of project research for more sustainable toilet water management.

The present study sought to verify the external relevance of representation tools in the internal or reflexive processing of the project action. By recognizing that the design process is a reflexive act that involves creation and problem solving, the interaction of the designer with the descriptive elements of the thought process, is fundamental to understand what Design process is, within a Design framework. To understand the quality of the output generated by the simultaneous use of analog and digital tools on the initial phase of reflection and ideation, we propose the implementation of an experimental study to demonstrate that the reflexive and creative act is not only structured, and influenced by cognitive competences and exogenous factors, but also, influenced by the tools that "dialogues" with the creative agent (designer). In this study, we propose a hybrid model for the use of exteriorization tools (tools that are used to materialize ideas and concepts and the formulated ideas), based on a process of analogical and digital modeling alternation, to better understand the dialogical action consequences. To assess the results of the descriptive and creative performance, we have developed a framework analysis that identifies the frequency of variables related to Fluency, Flexibility and Co-evolution (Problem-framing / Problem-solution). We also counted with a panel of 10 experienced Industrial designers, to evaluate the results produced in the 24 The Hybrid Analog and Digital Representation as a Process of Expanding Design Reflection: Model Construction for Evaluation of the Descriptive Process This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 IADE Design Doctoral Conference'17 118 experiments. With this study, we intend to collect a qualitative and quantitative data, to be able to generate on the future new didactic and pedagogical contents on the Design project teaching.

Active collaboration allows the development of synergies and tools to maintain a diversified, productive and sustainable system. In the framework of an ongoing research project having a case study (L3 Project) and the results of their activities, it was possible to retain the following data: the increase of knowledge by the exchange of skills and the improvement of the competences in a personal, civic and social perspective. The objective is to outline a strategic plan by mapping the network of interactions among all social agents that fosters the construction and rehabilitation of social cohesion. The methodology is distributed in three phases. In an initial phase with an ethnographic research, literary review and case studies; on a second phase, the characterization of the system, the strategic actions and the design of a sustainable ecosystem inserted in the urban context. In the third phase, methodologies presented through surveys and statistics validated by the local community and specialists of social and human sciences. The aim is to give continuity to the research project that already has its methodological expression, including case studies that can reinforce or not the main conclusions, improve the data collection tools for a successive iteration process to reach the best results.

The following paper discusses the need for a new approach regarding the problems faced by our contemporary society in which design and designers can play a bigger role. A concerned position about the future of design innovation and education in universities should be taken in consideration in order to achieve a more sustainable world, in terms of economic, environmental and social matters. With the example of the work done by the research lab ID:Co.Lab, the paper aims to evince the importance of having more research in this field and how the cooperation and engagement with the community can help in the process.

Following paper discusses the need for innovative interdisciplinary approaches in finding the solutions for existing problematics on different levels of nowadays society. Paper particularly discuss importance of collaboration between anthropology and design and presents them as possible agents of change towards more sustainable society. With the example of the project Give a Shit focusing on issues related to toilets and human excrements paper demonstrates the importance of engagement of scientifically obtained results with society through different creative narrative practices. As well as it show the value and quality results of such practices.

While there are a few Europe-wide Higher Education courses and/or programmes of study in social design and innovation at national levels, efforts to upscale them to a wider cross-national audience are lagging behind. If we are to develop a disciplinary benchmark that transcends national borders and achieves a wider consensus on the disciplinary boundaries, thus providing for a level of cross-border comparability, the considerations and challenges confronting this upscaling need to be addressed. This paper will discuss this issue, drawing from a combination of European policy documents and the authors’ research in social design and innovation. The identification of some challenges confronting upscaling will provide a stepping stone for future research on cross-national collaboration in the areas of social design, social innovation, and sustainability for all.

A society's distinctive values and characteristics in its history, cultural experiences and authentic art products which it produced in that period can be observed. Ottoman Empire period which has multinational structure left a significant mark in history in terms of life style and art-design field. Various sultans came to the throne during the Ottoman Period. Ottoman Sultans who undertook various tasks, took place in the history stage full of wars, conquests, successes during their reigns prevailed in the palace and contributed to the creation and development of the Turkish fabric art. In line with the laws introduced by Sultans, Turkish textile art during the Ottoman Period put important and unique products. Besides the production of woven fabrics of good quality, methods, patterns and designs were required to be authentic to be produced. Although jacquard weaving technology is intensely used in the textile sector, updating fabric designs through an innovative perspective has become an obligation. It should be handled that new design understanding where cultural experience is reflected instead of ordinary designs in the conditions of changing era. Innovative jacquard weaving fabric designs created by getting inspired by the life story of Suleiman, the Magnificent Ottoman Sultan will be touched upon in this study.

The present study focuses on the understanding of the relationship effect between analogical and digital representation forms upon the reflective act and consequently with the creative result in product design. The action field is characterized by the operative constituents of the design process. Within three decades, we watched the influence of the digital age on project practice [1] without new procedures about the way which was integrate in design project curricula, but the reality is that technologies are developing fast. Based on this paradigm, we need to restructure the project habits, using new semantics to describe and materialize our concepts. The starting question is: are we articulating and using better the representation tools in the ideation phase of design project? With this research, we seek to quantify the semantics reflection process, using the synergistic of analogical and digital modelling, to create best creative results.

This paper aims to present the research under development whose main objective is to support an effective and practical transition to a more circular and sustainable economy through design. Currently, circular economy (CE) is gaining attention in Europe and around the world as a potential way for our society to increase prosperity and sustainability by reducing the dependence on primary materials and energy. In this transition towards CE, numerous research projects and activities have and are being developed at distinct levels of society and design has a crucial role, however, there are still several limitations and barriers in its implementation. To implement the model, designers, product developers and companies need to be able to apply the CE principles and criteria in practice in a simple and efficient way. The Ph.D. research project that underlies this paper was designed with the objective of supporting the creation of added value for the design professionals and for the society. Focusing on supporting the transition to the CE, the expected results will strengthen the role of design by providing professionals a strategy supported by effective methods and tools for an innovative and effective design practice.

The present paper relates the process of inter-relational network development related to the connection between people, institutions, activities, and the way the collaboration methodology overcomes complex behaviors and conditions. The document corresponds to an ongoing PhD research, which aims the development of a collaborative methodology through common activities on preparation, application and feedback of the experiences in real context, allowing to build knowledge and validate a collaboration model. Design for social innovation has been developed in partnership with the agents that attend the communities, namely, Junta de Freguesia da Estrela, Associação Limiar, OnossoKm2, EAPN (European Anti-Poverty Network), Associação Conversa Amiga, PAR (Refugees Support Platform), Comunidade Vida e Paz, Lisbon Municipal Police Department, Housing First, Aga Khan Foundation, Cruz Vermelha and Santa Casa da Misericórdia. To that end, the need to cross knowledge is a fundamental factor for the celerity of potential strategies and solutions that can pave the way for effective intervention of the society support units and consequently to better the individual's quality of life. Some practices have already been applied on seniors and children at risk workgroup. The reports developed by the implementers (sociologists and psychologists) have classified design as a precise achievement procedure to reach the objectives, reinforcing its value as a discipline that accelerates the development and effectiveness of the intervention. This paper will present an approximation for the validation of the results by the implementation of the collaboration model according to pre-tests and questionnaires (101) applied to the population that have an active participation on vulnerable communities. The effectiveness of the tool will be tested repeatedly with the aim of subsequently evaluate the process to have a significant sample.

Europe is confronted with a variety of social challenges such as climate change, influx of refugees, ageing populations , wealth disparities, unemployment, cultural intolerance and many more. However, demand for the graduate skills and competencies that foster design for social change and innovation outstrips supply. To a large extent this has to do with the fact that Higher Education (HE) responses and initiatives in this area remain underdeveloped and sparse. Subsequently, HE curricula do not foster overall and in a systematic manner sufficiently for the skills and competencies required. In addition, there is overall weak collaboration between HE institutions and social innovation enterprises, when-it is argued-that such synergies can be beneficial to both parties and can help address some of the social challenges Europe is confronted with. This paper draws from a small-scale needs analysis to identify some of the themes that can inform curriculum design and innovation in the area of social change and innovation, and suggests themes and aspects of the task that the DISCERN project will explore further.

The art and design of textile has been nurtured by various aspects such as cultural, artistic or productive reason for many civilizations. When we look histories and cultures of Turkish and Portuguese, it is possible to see wide perspective that are owned by reason of multicultural formations. Motifs, patterns, colours expressing as symbolically emotions, thoughts state essential elements of occurring self- identity of a nation. It is extremely important to identify cultural interactions and reflections for the emergence of original and creative products and more sustainable material culture. In this study, we use mainly ethnographic research as the base for the design process. We express textile weaving art in Turkish and Portuguese Culture and compare motif,  composition and colour properties of fabrics in both realities.

The present paper relates the process of inter-relational network development related to the connection between people, institutions, activities, and the way the collaboration methodology overcomes complex behaviors and conditions. The document corresponds to an ongoing PhD research, which aims the development of a collaborative methodology through common activities on preparation, application and feedback of the experiences in real context, allowing to build knowledge and validate a collaboration model. Design for social innovation has been developed in partnership with the agents that attend the communities, namely, Junta de Freguesia da Estrela, Associação Limiar, OnossoKm2, EAPN (European Anti-Poverty Network), Associação Conversa Amiga, PAR (Refugees Support Platform), Comunidade Vida e Paz, Lisbon Municipal Police Department, Housing First and Santa Casa da Misericórdia. To that end, the need to cross knowledge is a fundamental factor for the celerity of potential strategies and solutions that can pave the way for effective intervention of the society support units and consequently to better the individual's quality of life. Some practices have already been applied on seniors and children at risk workgroup. The reports developed by the implementers (sociologists and psychologists) have classified design as a precise achievement procedure to reach the objectives, reinforcing its value as a discipline that accelerates the development and effectiveness of the intervention. This paper will present an approximation for the validation of the results by the implementation of the collaboration model according to pre-tests and questionnaires (101) applied to the population that have an active participation on vulnerable communities. The effectiveness of the tool will be tested repeatedly with the aim of subsequently evaluate the process to have a significant sample.

There are numerous claims for sustainability in design, design research, environmental ergonomics, and other areas about human-environment interaction. However high specificity of each area, fragmented research, and various approaches to sustainability have induced the need to discuss the relationship between sustainability, design, and human interaction with involving environment, especially in built environment. New trend of growing number of independent hostels in Lisbon calls for deep analysis of this system. The study of publications, both scientific and public, was made to understand the characteristics of it. This article emphasizes the relations among sustainability, interior design, comfort, and well-being, necessary to understand the end-user of these travel accommodations. The findings are contributing for development of survey to be carried out in second phase of research.

This paper presents an on-going Ph.D. research about interior design, well-being, and sustainability
in hostels of Lisbon. Interior design has boosted comfort in designed environments disconnected from natural environment, despite encouragements to include sustainability in design. Since 2006 several Lisbon hostels gained international recognition even without national characterisation due to limiting Youth Hostel state definition, and economic deterioration in Portugal. Evolving paradigm proposes that interior design would improve wellbeing through filter of sustainability, depending on objective and subjective variables. Through literature review paper identifies main concepts contributing for survey in progress by identifying the key variables of studied system.

Public lighting altered profoundly the way we perceive and use nighttime urban space. It often is understood only as a technical issue rather than a human one, mostly based on photometric visual performance, leaving mostly out other human dimensions such as the psychological perception of light. Currently, public lighting is predominately directed to reducing energy consumption by means of the use of new technologies, such as adaptive lighting and LED light sources and the use of standardized lighting schemes. In this context, there is an opportunity to develop new lighting approaches that take advantage of the inherent flexibility of these systems to improve the relationship between user's well-being and energy management, contributing to a more sustainable design practice. Based on a research-through-design approach, a mixed methodology was used with a non-interventionist and interventionist nature.
From literature review and professional experience, we considered that adaptability was an important technological and design factor to improve public lighting. Proposing the development of a user-oriented method that determines adaptive lighting scenarios for the most adequate and minimum acceptable lighting condition, for a specific user-space relationship, based on the user’s perception of well-being and the assessment of the perceived lighting quality of the scenarios. To support the implementation of the method, the Perceived Luminance Continuity framework was developed as a way to describe the adaptive lighting behaviour pattern. The gathered data - objective and subjective - provide an empirical basis for lighting professionals to design customized solutions.

We hypothesized that the proposed method, would allow the design of more tailored and flexible lighting solutions. Allowing the adjustment of standards based on objective data for a specific user-space relationship. Promoting a more sustainable design practice that give an effective response to the user’s well-being and energy management, improving the nighttime experience.

To test the hypothesis, an outdoor field experiment was conducted as a first case study, in the Village of Arraiolos, Portugal. A second experiment was carried out, aiming to test the consistency of the previous data and confirmation of the primary hypothesis. After analysis and statistical validation of the collected data, we can say that the tendency of choices in both experiments was very similar, meaning that the initial lighting scenarios considered as adequate were real and meaningful, with a high appraisal of lighting quality.

It also showed that there was a relationship between the lighting configuration, visibility distance and the perceptual illusion of a fully lit space. Moreover, it shows that the majority of participants would accept adaptive public lighting, as common practice within the Perceived Luminance Continuity framework.

Based on the results, we concluded that the proposed method is a valid tool for the design of adaptive public lighting solutions. Confirming the primary and secondary hypothesis, showing its relevance in the development of a more sustainable lighting design practice and
improving the sustainability of the urban nighttime space.

Europe is confronted with a variety of social challenges such as climate change, influx of refugees, ageing populations, wealth disparities, unemployment, cultural intolerance and many more. However, demand for the graduate skills and competencies that foster design for social change and innovation outstrips supply. To a large extent this has to do with the fact that Higher Education (HE) responses and initiatives in this area remain underdeveloped and sparse. Subsequently, HE curricula do not foster overall and in a systematic manner sufficiently for the skills and competencies required. In addition, there is overall weak collaboration between HE institutions and social innovation enterprises, when – it is argued – that such synergies can be beneficial to both parties and can help address some of the social challenges Europe is confronted with. This paper draws from a small-scale needs analysis to identify some of the themes that can inform curriculum design and innovation in the area of social change and innovation, and suggests themes and aspects of the task that the DISCERN project will explore further.